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Aquilegia canadensis
Wild Columbine, Canadian Columbine
Red flowers with yellow centers hang like drifts of softly illuminated lanterns in April and May. Excellent as a shady rock garden naturalizer, it also is quite content in average garden conditions. Occurs naturally in rich rocky woods, north-facing slopes, cliffs, ledges, pastures, and roadside banks. Native to all states east of the Rockies, but not found in Louisiana.
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Columbine thrives in part to full shade, in any well-drained soil. Plants tolerate full sun if temperatures are cool, but they prefer partial shade. They may go dormant in mid summer if stressed by heat or drought, but will emerge again in late winter. Plants reseed readily and plantings may double in size in two years.
This species shows relative disdain for that voracious enemy of columbine- the leaf miner! A. canadensis is less susceptible to leaf miner than many other species, especially the hybrids. Leaf miner will eventually cause signifigant damage in A. canadensis, but not as rapidly as with other species. ~Allan Armitage